Mitochondrial transport refers to the processes by which mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, are transported within the cell to different locations. This transport is essential for maintaining cellular functions such as energy production, calcium homeostasis, and cell division. Mitochondrial transport is carried out by motor proteins and cytoskeletal elements, and disruptions in this process can lead to various diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic syndromes. Research in this area focuses on understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial transport, the regulation of these processes, and how defects in transport contribute to disease pathogenesis.